The Efficacy of Yeast Phagostimulant Baits in Attract-and-Kill Strategies Varies between Summer- and Winter-Morphs of Drosophila suzukii

The Efficacy of Yeast Phagostimulant Baits in Attract-and-Kill Strategies Varies between Summer- and Winter-Morphs of Drosophila suzukii

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Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a globally invasive pest of soft and stone fruit.To survive winter in temperate zones it enters a reproductive diapause in a morphologically distinct phenotype.Phagostimulant baits can be combined with insecticides in attract-and-kill strategies for control.We investigated the effectiveness of single yeast species and combinations of co-fermented yeast phagostimulant baits when combined with Flashlights insecticides in laboratory assays against both summer- and winter-morph D.suzukii.

Candida zemplininia or Hanseniaspora uvarum + C.zemplininia combined with lambda-cyhalothrin or cyantraniliprole, and H.uvarum combined with cyantraniliprole caused significantly higher mortality in winter- compared to summer-morph D.suzukii.Additionally, lambda-cyhalothrin combined with M.

pulcherrima + H.uvarum resulted in greater mortality compared to single yeasts, H.uvarum for both summer- and winter-morphs and C.zemplininia for summer-morphs.M.

pulcherrima + H.uvarum with spinosad significantly reduced the time-to-kill (50%) of summer-morphs compared to insecticide alone.Most yeast-based baits were comparable in terms of attract-and-kill efficacy to Combi-protec, a commercially available bait, although M.pulcherrima or H.uvarum + C.

zemplininia in with cyantraniliprole were less Camera Accessories effective.Our study suggests that yeast phagostimulants in attract-and-kill strategies should be adjusted for summer- and winter-morph D.suzukii for more effective control.